Assignment
9
Write a program in C++ to test the Type Casting.
Program
Code with explanation:
1.
#include
<iostream>
2.
using
namespace std;
3.
int
main()
4.
{
5.
char
c=”A”;// Character Data Type initilize with ‘A’ ASCII Value is 65
6.
int
i = 10; // Integer Data Type initilize with 10
7.
float
f = 10.10; // Float Data Type initilize with 10.10
8.
double
d = 12.12; // Double Data Type initilize with 12.12
9.
cout<<
“*******************************************************************”;
10. cout
<< “\n \t\t DEMO FOR IMPLICIT DATA TYPE CASTING”<<endl;
11. cout<<
“*******************************************************************”;
12. cout
<< “\n Value of Integer i
before change = ” << i << endl;
13. //
Character c implicitly converted to int using ASCII Value
14. i =
i + c;
15. cout
<< “ Value of Integer i After
change = ” << i << endl;
16. cout
<< “ Value of Float f before
change = ” << f << endl;
17. //
Integer i implicitly converted to Float
18. f =
i + f;
19. cout
<< “ Value of Float f After
change = ” << f << endl;
20. cout
<< “ Value of Double d before
change = ” << d << endl;
21. //
Character c implicitly converted to double using ASCII Value
22. d =
d + c;
23. cout
<< “ Value of Double d After
change = ” << d << endl;
24. cout<<
“*******************************************************************”;
25. cout<<endl;
26. cout
<< “\t \t DEMO FOR EXPLICIT DATA TYPE CASTING” << endl;
27. cout<<
“*******************************************************************”;
28. char
ch=”a”; // ASCII value of ‘a’ is 97
29. float
f1 = 0;
30. cout
<< “\n Value of Float f1
before change = ” << f1 << endl;
31. f1 =
(double) ch;
32. cout
<< “ Value of Float f1 After
change = ” << f1 << endl;
33. //
Explicit conversion from double to int
34. double
d1 = 20.20;
35. int
j = 0;
36. cout
<< “\n Value of Integer j
before change = ” << j << endl;
37. //
Use round value 20 of Double value 20.20
38. j =
(int) d1 + 10;
39. cout
<< “ Value of Integer j After
change = ” << j << endl;
40. int
n1 = 29, n2 = 3;
41. cout
<< “\n Result of two integer
division 29 div 3″ << endl;
42. float
f2 = n1 / n2;
43. cout << ” Store in float f2 WITHOUT DATA TYPE CASTING = ” << f2 << endl;
45. cout
<< ” Store in float f2 WITH DATA TYPE CASTING = ” << f2
<< endl;
46. return
0;
47. }
Explanation
of Code:
Line No. 1 and 2: include the Library file
and stander input – output functions.
Line No. 3: main function header.
Line No. 4 and 47: Begin and end of main
function respectively.
Line
No. 12 to 23:
DEMO FOR IMPLICIT DATA TYPE CASTING.
Line
No. 28 and 45: DEMO
FOR EXPLICIT DATA TYPE CASTING.
Line
No. 46:
return statement appropriate with main function return data type.
Program
Code for run:
#include
<iostream>
using
namespace std;
int
main()
{
char c=”A”;// Character Data Type
initilize with ‘A’ ASCII Value is 65
int i = 10; // Integer Data Type initilize
with 10
float f = 10.10; // Float Data Type
initilize with 10.10
double d = 12.12; // Double Data Type
initilize with 12.12
cout<<
“*******************************************************************”;
cout << “\n \t\t DEMO FOR
IMPLICIT DATA TYPE CASTING”<<endl;
cout<<
“*******************************************************************”;
cout << “\n Value of Integer i before change = ”
<< i << endl;
// Character c implicitly converted to int
using ASCII Value
i = i + c;
cout << “ Value of Integer i After change = ”
<< i << endl;
cout << “ Value of Float f before change = ”
<< f << endl;
// Integer i implicitly converted to Float
f = i + f;
cout << “ Value of Float f After change = ”
<< f << endl;
cout << “ Value of Double d before change = ”
<< d << endl;
// Character c implicitly converted to
double using ASCII Value
d = d + c;
cout << “ Value of Double d After change = ”
<< d << endl;
cout<< “*******************************************************************”;
cout<<endl;
cout << “\t \t DEMO FOR EXPLICIT
DATA TYPE CASTING” << endl;
cout<<
“*******************************************************************”;
char ch=”a”; // ASCII value of ‘a’ is 97
float f1 = 0;
cout << “\n Value of Float f1 before change = ”
<< f1 << endl;
f1 = (double) ch;
cout << “ Value of Float f1 After change = ”
<< f1 << endl;
// Explicit conversion from double to int
double d1 = 20.20;
int j = 0;
cout << “\n Value of Integer j before change = ”
<< j << endl;
// Use round value 20 of Double value 20.20
j = (int) d1 + 10;
cout << “ Value of Integer j After change = ”
<< j << endl;
int n1 = 29, n2 = 3;
cout << “\n Result of two integer division 29 div 3″
<< endl;
float f2 = n1 / n2;
cout << ” Store in float f2
WITHOUT DATA TYPE CASTING = ” << f2 << endl;
f2 = (float) n1 / n2;
cout << ” Store in float f2 WITH
DATA TYPE CASTING = ” << f2 << endl;
return 0;
}
Output
of Program:
*******************************************************************
DEMO FOR IMPLICIT DATA TYPE CASTING
*******************************************************************
Value of Integer i before
change = 10
Value of Integer i After
change = 75
Value of Float f before
change = 10.1
Value
of Float f After change = 85.1
Value of Double d before
change = 12.12
Value of Double d After
change = 77.12
*******************************************************************
DEMO FOR EXPLICIT DATA TYPE CASTING
*******************************************************************
Value of Float f1 before
change = 0
Value of Float f1 After
change = 97
Value of Integer j before
change = 0
Value of Integer j After
change = 30
Result of two integer
division 29 div 3
Store
in float f2 WITHOUT DATA TYPE CASTING = 9
Store
in float f2 WITH DATA TYPE CASTING = 9.66667
There are two types
of Type Casting:
Basic
information for that as below-
Implicit Type Casting:
·
It’s done by the
compiler on its own, without any external trigger from the user.
·
It done automatic by compiler at run time.
·
Implicit
type casting takes place when more than one mix data type used in an
expression.
·
It
gives the correct result of mathematical expression.
·
Small
Data types converted automatically to larger data type. Only one condition, the
variable on the left side of the expression must have a larger data type than
all the variables on the right.
Small Data Types
à Larger Data Type
Char -> int
-> float -> double
Explicit Type Casting:
·
It
is user-defined process. It’s required for result in particular data type
·
Write
the required type in front of expression in rounded parenthesis at the right
side.
·
Variable
= (Data Type) expression
